Deep Work by Cal Newport / 딥워크 (~Chapter 2)
Deep Work 읽으면서 새로 알게 된 영어단어 및 좋은 문장들을 정리해봤다. 어우 읽는데 걸린 시간 만큼 표시해둔 단어 정리하는데만 몇 시간 걸린 것 같다... 하루빨리 단어들이 많이 많이 익숙해졌으면~!
Introduction
This compressed schedule is possible because I've invested significant effort to minimize the shallow in my life while making sure I get the most ouf of the time this frees up. I build my days around a core of carefully chosen deep work, with the
shallow activities I absolutely cannot avoid batched into smaller bursts at the peripheries of my schedule. Three to four hours a day, five days a week, of uninterrupted and carefully directed conentration, it turns out, can produce a lot of valuable output.
More generally, the lack of distraction in my life tones down that backgroud hum of nervous mental energy that seems to increasingly pervate people's daily lives. I'm comfortable being bored, and this can be a surprisingly rewarding skill.
A deep life is a good life.
Chapter One. Deep Work is Valuable
Our technologies are racing ahead but many of our skills and organizations are lagging behind. When only a human will do, improvements in communication and collaboration technology are making remote work easier than ever before, motivating companies to outsource key roles to stars - leaving the local talent pool underemployed.
Though an increasing number of peole will lose in this new economy as their skill becomes automatble or easily outsourced, there are others who will not only survive, but thrive-becoming more valued (and therefore more rewarded) than before.
When money is made through the combination of capital investment and labor, the rewards are returned, roughly speaking, proportional to the input. As digital technology reduces the need for labor in many industries, the proportion of the rewards returned to those who own the intelligent machines is growing. A venture capitalist in today's economy can fund a company like Instagran, which was eventually sold for a billion dollars, while employing only thirteen people. When else in history could such a small amount of labor be involed in such a large amount of value? With so little input from labor, the proportion of this wealth taht flows back to the machine owners-in this case, the venture investors-is without precedent. It's no wonder that a venture capitalist I interviewed for my last book admitted to me with some concern, "Everone wants my job."
The reason Grant advanced so quickly in his corner of academia is simple: He produces.
Give and Take by Adam Grant (읽어봐야지)
The batching of hard but important intellectual work into long, uninterrupted stretches.
Three discrete tasks: analyzing the data, writing a full draft, and editing the draft into something publishable.
The best students understood the role intensity plays in productivity and therefore went out of their way to maximize their concentration-radically reducing the time required to prepare for tests or write papers, without diminishing the quality of their results.
The problem of this reserach identifies with this work strategy is that when you switch from some Task A to another Task B, your attention doesn't immediately follow-a residue of your attention remains stuck thinking about the original task. This residue gets especially thick if your work on Task A was unbounded and of low intensity before you switched, but even if you finish Task A before moving on, your attention remains divided for a while.
The attention residue concept is still telling because it implies that the common habit of working in a state of semi-distraction is potentially devastating to your performance. It might seem harmless to take a quick gland at your inbox every then minutes or so. Indeed, many justify this behavior as better than the old practice of leaving an inbox open on the screen at all times (a straw-man habbit that few follow anymore). But Leroy teaches us that this is not in fact much of an improvement. That quick check introduces a new target for your attention. Even worse, by seeing messages that you cannot deal with at the moment (which is almost always the case), you'll be forced to turn back to the primary task with a secondary task left unfinished. The attention residue left by such unresolved switched dampens your performance.
To produce at your peak level you need to work for extended periods with full concentration on a single task free from distraction. Put another way, the type of work that optimizes your performance is deep work. If you're not comfortable going deep for extended periods of time, it'll be difficult to get your performance to the peak levels of quality and quantity increasingly necessary to thrive professionally. Unless your talent and skills absolutely dwarf those of your competition, the deep workers among them will outproduce you.
Chapter Two . Deep Work is Rare
Busyness as Proxy for Productivity : In the absense of clear indicators of what it means to be productive and valuable in their jobs, many knowledge workers turn back toward an industrial indicator of productivity: doing lots of stuff in a visible manner.
This mind-set provides another explanation for the popularity of many depth-destroying behaviors. If you send and answer e-mails at all hours, if you schedule and attend meetings constantly, if you weigh in on instant message systems like Hall within seconds when someone poses a new question, or if you roam your open office bouncing ideas off all whom you encounter-all of these behaviors make you seem busy in a public manner. If you're using busyness as a proxy for productivity, then these behaviors can seem crucial for convincing yourself and others that you're doing your job well.
예전에 승선 때 배웠던 것 중에 하나가 "일 할 때는 무조건 티 내면서 보이게 일해라" 였다. 큰 조직에서, 내가 월급 몫을 하고 있다는걸 보여줘야하고 남들보다 빨리 승진하는게 목표일때 이 '덕목'은 필수였다. 그러나 지금은 작은 조직에서, 내가 사랑하는 회사에서 일하고 있으니 이럴때는 '보이게 일하는 것' 에 더하여, 내가 정말로 '진정한 가치'를 더하고 '생산성'을 가지고 일하는지에 좀 더 많은 무게를 두고 일해야겠다.
We were, he noted, no longer discussing the trade-offs surrounding new technologies, balancing the new efficiencies against the new problems introduced. If it's high-tech, we begant to instead assume, then it's good. Case closed. --> Technopoly
이 책에서 현재 우리 사회가 기술 관련된 것에 대해 가지고 있는 무조건적인 순응적인 태도에 문제가 있음을 지적하는 부분.
단어 정리
- repose : rest, relaxation, idleness
The feeling of repose and renewal that I had in this tower was intense from the start.
- If we put it into the context of ~~ : ~ 의 상황 들을 고려해서 생각해봤을 때
- seminal : influential, formative
a seminal book that solidified many differences ~
- school of thought : a particular way of thinking
- prefigured : be an early indication or version of something
- devotee : enthusiast, fan
I'll take a moment to explain how I became such a devotee of depth.
- theoretician : a person who forms theoretical frame work of a subject
- permeate : spread throughout, pervade
This type of fierce concentration permeated the atmosphere during my student years.
- chagrin : annoyance, irrataion
To the chagrin of both my friends and the various publicists I've worked with on my books, I've never had a Facebook or Twitter account.
- voluminous : very lengthy and detailed (writing), very loose (clothes)
I maintained this voluminous production while rarely working past five or six p.m. during the workweek.
- periphery : edge, margin
- distil : purify, clarify
My other interest in distilling and clarifying these thoughts is to further develop my own practice.
- cull : kill, destroy, select, choose
I'm following suit ruthlessly culling the shallow and painstakingly cultivating the intensity of my depth.
- fare in : get on, proceed, progress
You'll learn how I fare in this book's conclusion.
- loom : emerge, appear, impend
As Election Day loomed in 2012, traffic at the New York Times website spiked.
- sprawling : spreading out over a large area in an irregular way
A widely disproportionate fraction of this traffic was visiting a single location in the sprawling domain.
- improbable : unlikely
- dabble : 잠깐 해보다 (casual way), 첨벙거리다
He dabbles in high-performance race car driving.
- throes : agony, pain
We are in the early throes of a Great Restructuring.
- grim : horrible, very serious and gloomy
This reality is not, however, universally grim.
- automatable : to be done by machine without human action
- bimodal : involving two modes
- trajectory : path, course
The economists aren't alone in proposing this bimodal trajectory for the economy.
- in turn : one by one, in succession, one after the other
Let's touch on each of these groups in turn to better understand why they're suddenly so valuable.
- personify : humanize, represent
B and M call the group personified by Nate Silver the "high-skilled" workers.
- prototype : early example
Other technologies like data visualization, analytics, high speed communications, and rapid prototyping have augmented the contributions of more abstract and data-driven reasoning, increasing the values of these jobs.
- oracular : hard to interpret / 신탁과 관련된 / 귀중한 조언을 주는
Those with the oracular ability to work with and tease valuable results out of increasingly complex machines will thrive.
- siphon : 액체 옮기는 파이프인데, 들어가면 압력 세지는... 사진 봐야함
- epitome : a person that is a perfect example of a particular quality.
Nate Silver, of course, with his comfort in feeding data into large databases, then siphoning it out into his mysterious Monte Carlo simulations, is the epitome of the high-skilled worker.
- hold for : be consistent, logical or convincing
This same trend holds for the growing number of fields where technology makes productive remote work possible.
- innocuous : not harmful or offensive
- rung : 사다리, 의자 등에 발 받침대
- spun threads : 실뭉치
Let's pull together the threads spun so far.
- precarious : uncertain, insecure
If you cannot, you might still do well, but your position is more precarious.
- quell : put an end to, calm, suppress
- amass : gather, collect
At the risk of quelling your rising enthusiasm, I should first confess that I have no secret for quickly amassing capital and becoming the next John Doerr. (If I had such secrets, it's unlikely I'd share them in a book.)
- be poised to do something : be ready to do something
Two groups that are poised to thrive
- interrogate : ask questions closely, obtation / transmit data
Databases of this type are interrogated in a language called SQL.
- tinker : attempt to repair or improve something casually
This is a powerful tool, and definitely not something you can learn intuitively after some modest tinkering.
- latent : existing but not yet developed or discovered, dormant, inactive
You must transform that latent potential into tangible results that people value.
- disrupt : drastically alter
Technology-disrupted world
- unimpeachable : reliable, trustworthy
- converge : meet, intersect, connect
Let your mind become a lens, thanks to the converging rays of attention; let your soul be all intent on whatever it is that is established in your mind as a dominant, wholly absorbing data.
- friar : monk, man in a religious group
- immutable : unchangable
We deny that these differences (between expert performances and normal adults) are immutable.
- prodigy : genius
- stymie : prevent the progress of
- caveat : warning, caution
- antithetical : contrary to
Diffused attention is almost antithetical to the focused attention required by deliberate practice.
- myelin : a mixture of proteins and phospholipids forming a whitish insulating sheath around many nerve fibres, which increases the speed at which impulses are conducted.
myelinated
To be great at something is to be well myelinated
- absentminded : forgetful, distracted
These business professors do not live the cliche of the absentminded academic lost in books and occasionally stumbling on a big idea. They seek productivity as a scientific problem to systematically solve-a goal Adam Grant seems to have achieved.
- discrete : separate, distinct
- tackle : address, confront, initiate discussions
- sequentially : by forming or following a logical order
- unbounded : unlimited
- lexical : relating to vocabulary
- slather : spread or smear thickly
The work is repeatedly interrupted by residue-slathering interruptions.
- cadence : rythem, tempo
- serendipitous : chance, accidental
He believes in serendipitous availability.
- dart : move, run suddenly
Dorsey's attention residue is likely slathered on thick as he darts from one meeting to another.
- repository : 저장소
They have built up a hard-won repository of experience and have honed and proved an instinct for their market.
- bloviate : talk at length, especially in an inflated or empty way.
- you're best served by ~ : ~ 함으로써 가장 잘 perform 할 수 있다.
You're best served by giving serious consideration to depth.
- expanse : 평야, 넓게 트인 지역
- entrant : beginner, newcommer
One of the more successful entrants into the business IM space is Hall, a Silicon Valley start-up.
- bastion : 수호자
The New York Times, a bastion of old-world media values
- outlier : 범주 밖의 사람. A person or thing situated away from main body or system.
This is not outlier behavior; it's instead the new normal.
- coerce : 강제적인, relating to force or threat
- fad : trend
- prose : 산문?
- frothy : foaming, insubstantial, light
- titter : giggle
- demean : degrading, humiliating
To ask them to interrupt this deep thinking throughout the day to participate in the frothy back-and-forth of online tittering seems irrelevant (and somewhat demeaning) at best and devastatingly distracting at worst.
- fungible : replaceable by another identical
- opaque : non-transparent
Such metrics fall into an opaque region resistant to easy measurement-a region I call the metric black hole.
- scrum : team 중심으로 개발의 효율성을 높인다는 의미로 사용됨. 원래는 럭비 용어
- agile : 날렵한, 민첩한
- whim : impulse, a sudden desire or change of mind
- fiddle : a violin, 만지작거리다, 조작하다
She convinced executives at the Boston Consulting Group, a high-pressure management consulting firm with an ingrained culture of connectivity, to let her fiddle with their work haits of one of their teams.
- missive : a letter, note
- alacrity : willingness, enthusiasm
Responding to the latest missive with alacrity while others pile up behind it.
- simulacrum : an image or representation of something or someone. An unsatisfactory imitation or substitute.
Instead of trying to manage their time and obligations themselves, they let the impending meeting each week force them to take some action on a given project and more generally provide a highly visible simulacrum of progress.
- vexing : causing annoyance, frustration
We must also consider the always present and always vexing demand toward "productivity," the topic we'll turn our attention to next.
- bewildering : confusing or perplexing
Managers themselves inhabit a bewildering psychic landscape, and are made anxious by the vague imperatives they must answer to.
- plight : trouble, difficulty
The plight of the knowledge work middle manager, the"bewildering psychic landscape" he references applies to many position in this sector.
- bereft : deprived of or lacking
It seems that in today's business landscape, many knowledge workers, breft of other ideas, are turning toward this old definition of productivity in trying to solidify their values in the otherwise bewildering landscape of their professional lives.
- anachronistic : outdated, 시대착오적인
Viewed objectively, however, this concept is anachronistic.
- potent : having great power, influence or effect
This potent mixture of job ambiguity and lack of metrics to measure the effectiveness of different strategies allows behavior that can seem rediculous when viewed objectively to thrive in the increasingly bewildering psychic landscape of our daily work.
- desultry : lacking in a plan, purpose or enthusiasm
- appease : satisfy, 달래다, 들어주다
Rubin's Twitter profile reveals a steady and somewhat desultory string of missives, one every two to four days, as if Rubin receives a regular notice from the Times' social meda desk (a real thing) reminding her to appease her followers.
- hypercitational ??
- propensity : tendency
It's this propensity to vew 'the Internet' as a source of wisdom and policy advice that transfrms it from a fairly uninteresting set of cables and network routers into a seductive and exciting ideology-perhaps today's uber-ideology.
- proverbial : well-known, especially as to be stereotypical
To make your company more like "the Internet" is to be with the times, and to ignore these trends is to be the proverbial buggy-whip maker in an automotive age.
- harbinger : a person or thing that works as a signal, indicator
We're instead quick to idolize these digital doodads as a signifier of progress and a harbinger of a new world.
- desecration : 신성 모독.
In an internet-centric technopolcy such a statement is the equivalent of a flag burning-descration, not debate.
- exiled : expelled, banned mainly for political reason
Deep work is exiled in favor of more distracting high-tech behaviors, like the professional use of social media, not because the former is empirically inferior to the latter.
- thrum : 현악기 뜯는 소리내는것, 쿵쾅, 똑똑
Deep work struggles to compete against the shiny thrum of tweets, likes, tagged photos, walls, posts, and all the other behaviors that we're now taught are necessary for no other reason than that they exist.
- lurk : 숨어있다, 도사리다.
- myopia : 근시안적
But for you, as an individual, good news lucks. The myopia of your peers and employers uncovers a great personal advantage.
- displace : take over the place, replace
Having just established that there's nothing fundamentally flawed about deep work and nothing fundamentally necessary about the distracting behaviors that displace it, you can therefore continue with confidence with the ultimate goal of this book: to systematically develop your personal ability to go deep-and by doing so, reap great rewards.